Pros:

Comfortable and quiet

Easily stained and not very durable.

High maintenance and quite hard to clean.

Concrete

A mix of cement, water and sand. Can be colored, absorbs heat.

Pros:

Very durable.

Best option for floor with under laying heating system.

Various colors and finishes.

Cons:

Sealer is required to avoid stains.

Very heavy and requires strong support.

Might be dangerous to fall on.

Linoleum

An environment friendly product. Made of natural material, it is a canvas or felt, coated with linseed oil, cork, and resins. Comes in plain and decorative patterns, may look like marble.

Pros:

Comfortable smooth and quiet.

Does not get dented easily.

Does not get damaged by fat, oils and grease.

Friendly to the environment.

Cons:

Does not have as many colors and patterns as vinyl.

Standing water may damage the material.

Wood

Natural material, may be laid in planks, narrow strips, or parquet squares.

Wax and finish on the floor will make it look even and classy. Floor will need to be waxed annually. The wood can be treated with a sealer like polyurethane, and then would not need to be waxed regulary, only re-coating once in 5-6 years will be needed.

Pros:

Polyurethane coated floor can be kept clean with a broom and a vacuum.

Variety of looks and patterns and the natural material look.

Cons:

Water that may seep between boards can cause warping and buckling.

Floors with wax finishes may be slippery.

To get rid of scratches, a full refinish of the floor may be needed.

Fading may occur and create color differences between areas of the floor.

Tile

Several types of tiles exist.  Ceramic tiles are pressed layers of clay covered with a glaze of metallic oxides and ceramic stains or finished with a matte surface. Porcelain is baked at high temperatures, which makes it thicker. Quarry tile is a mix of shale and clays and is unglazed.

Pros:

Many colors, patterns, and sizes available.

Very durable.

The glazed tile does not require special maintenance.

May be placed above radiant heating.

Cons:

The glazed tile may be slippery and pose a danger to kids and elderly.

The unglazed tile will need to be periodically sealed.

As stone, tile may be cold and uncomfortable.

It is recommended to keep a few extra tiles in hand, as tiles may crack.